MOTS-c Research Guide

Full name: Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c

A mitochondria-derived peptide that acts as an exercise mimetic, improving metabolic homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and fat oxidation. Levels decline significantly with age.

How MOTS-c Works

Activates AMPK pathway, enhances mitochondrial metabolism, improves insulin sensitivity by increasing GLUT4 translocation, and promotes fatty acid oxidation.

Dosing Protocol

• Typical dose: 5-10 mg
• Frequency: 3-5x per week
• Duration: 8-12 weeks
• Route: Subcutaneous injection

Reported Benefits

• Exercise mimetic effects
• Improved insulin sensitivity
• Enhanced fat oxidation
• Metabolic homeostasis
• Anti-aging metabolic benefits
• AMPK activation

Potential Side Effects

• Injection site reactions
• Mild hypoglycemia (with exercise)
• Fatigue initially
• Flushing (rare)

Research Citations

1. MOTS-c as exercise mimetic and metabolic regulator (2022) - MOTS-c in aged mice improved exercise capacity by 35% and restored insulin sensitivity to youthful levels.
2. Decline of circulating MOTS-c with aging (2021) - Plasma MOTS-c decreased by 50% between ages 20-60, correlating with declining metabolic health.

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