Melanotan-1 (Melanotan-1 (Afamelanotide))
A synthetic analog of alpha-MSH that stimulates melanin production for skin tanning and photoprotection. The pharmaceutical form (afamelanotide) is approved for a rare light-sensitivity disorder; it lacks the strong libido/nausea effects of Melanotan-2.
How it works
Selectively activates the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) on melanocytes, increasing eumelanin production and providing UV photoprotection and skin darkening.
Key facts
- Molecular weight: 1646.85 Da
- Half-life: ~1 hour (peptide); implant form is sustained
- Bioavailability: Subcutaneous injection or sustained-release implant
- Storage: Lyophilized: refrigerate or -20°C. Reconstituted: 2-8°C, use within ~2-4 weeks.
Dosing overview
- Typical dose: ~0.5-1 mg per dose (research)
- Frequency: Daily loading then maintenance
- Duration: Loading ~1-2 weeks, then maintenance
- Route: Subcutaneous injection
Protocol notes
- Research use typically loads with small daily subcutaneous doses until desired pigmentation, then reduces to maintenance.
- The approved implant (afamelanotide) delivers a steady dose over time.
- More MC1R-selective than Melanotan-2, so fewer sexual/nausea side effects.
Reported benefits
- Skin tanning with less sun exposure
- UV photoprotection
- Fewer side effects than Melanotan-2
- Approved form for light-sensitivity disorder
Possible side effects
- Darkening of moles/freckles
- Nausea (less than MT-2)
- Facial flushing
- Injection site reactions
Research
- Afamelanotide for erythropoietic protoporphyria (2015): Increased pain-free sun exposure and quality of life in a controlled trial, leading to approval.
Compare Melanotan-1
Research and educational reference only. Not medical advice.