MDMA vs Muscimol
A side-by-side research comparison of MDMA and Muscimol across mechanism, dosing, half-life, benefits, side effects and research status.
Comparison table
| Attribute | MDMA | Muscimol |
|---|---|---|
| Full name | 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine | Muscimol (Amanita muscaria) |
| Category | Psychedelics | Psychedelics |
| Status | Schedule I (FDA Breakthrough Therapy for PTSD) | Natural compound; legal in many regions |
| Mechanism | Triggers large releases of serotonin (and to a lesser extent dopamine and norepinephrine) and increases oxytocin, prolactin and cortisol. This produces feelings of trust, openness and emotional closeness that support psychotherapy. | Activates GABA-A receptors (the brain's main calming system), producing sedation, dreaminess and altered perception rather than classic visuals. |
| Molecular weight | 193.25 g/mol | 114.10 g/mol |
| Half-life | ~7-9 hours | Several hours |
| Bioavailability | Oral, high | Oral |
| Typical dose | 75-125 mg (often with an optional supplemental half-dose) | Varies by individual and setting |
| Frequency | A small number of monthly sessions | Occasional |
| Route | Oral, in a supervised therapeutic setting | Oral |
MDMA reported benefits
- Studied for treatment-resistant PTSD
- Lowers fear response during trauma processing
- Increases trust and emotional openness
- Strong Phase 3 trial results from MAPS
Muscimol reported benefits
- Different (GABA) mechanism
- Sedating, dreamlike effects
- Long traditional use
- Legal in many places
Related comparisons
Research and educational reference only. Not medical advice.